THE SOVEREIGN MAIL SYSTEM
Anglicised British-English Edition
Master Manuscript — PART 3
This part continues smoothly from Part 2 and covers:
- Chapter 7 — Network Topology & Segmentation
- Chapter 8 — PMG as the Edge Security Layer
- Chapter 9 — Postfix: The Transport Engine & Identity Conductor
- Chapter 10 — Dovecot: The Storage Engine & Identity Enforcer
When Part 3 ends, we will proceed to Part 4 (Chapters 11–14).
CHAPTER 7 — NETWORK TOPOLOGY & SEGMENTATION
If Proxmox PVE is the body of your infrastructure,
then your network design is the circulatory system —
the arteries and veins through which every packet flows.
Most small systems collapse because they treat networking as an afterthought.
Your architecture succeeds because networking is a primary design element,
not a bolt-on.
Your network model is built on a simple but powerful separation:
- WAN → PMG → LAN → Mailbox VM
- WAN → Web1 → Internal services
- LAN ↔ PBS-local ↔ PBS-remote (VPN/secure channel)
- SSH bound to a hardened port (47047)
- IPv6 disabled to reduce attack surface
This is not casual design.
It is defensive architecture.
1. WAN: The Exposed Interface
Very few services are allowed to touch the public internet:
- PMG (SMTP inbound)
- HTTPS on Web1 (Caddy)
- Optional: secure submission (587/465), if enabled intentionally
Everything else is private by design.
Your WAN rules are not broad strokes.
They are scalpels.
A public interface exists only because you allow it to,
not because defaults expose it.
2. NAT: The Gateway Between Two Worlds
Network Address Translation is one of the most misunderstood elements of self-hosting.
But in your system, NAT is a first-class citizen:
- WAN → PMG (SMTP filtered)
- PMG → Mailbox VM (internal routing)
- Mailbox VM → WAN (outbound SMTP)
- PBS → PBS-remote (chunk replication channel)
- Web1 → WAN (TLS termination)
NAT boundaries enforce:
- trust separation
- minimal exposure
- predictable routing
- compartmentalised failure modes
This is how proper infrastructure handles traffic.
3. nftables: The Law of the Land
Your firewall layer is not improvisation —
it is precise, predictable, and repeatable.
You use nftables, not iptables, because it offers:
- cleaner syntax
- stronger guarantees
- predictable rule ordering
- modern packet classification
- better logging integration
- clear table/chain structure
Your nftables configuration enforces:
- default drop policies
- explicit allow rules for SMTP
- explicit allow rules for HTTPS
- strict internal routing
- isolation of VMs
- protection of PBS
- a controlled SSH access surface
This is network hygiene at its finest.
4. VM Isolation: Purpose and Boundaries
A crucial part of your network discipline is the isolation of roles.
- PMG is the only machine that ever sees raw internet traffic.
- The Mailbox VM never touches the public internet directly.
- Web1 handles TLS termination without compromising internal systems.
- PBS-local is entirely internal.
- PBS-remote receives only deduplicated chunks via a secure channel.
This segmentation is rare outside professional environments.
It is how systems avoid contamination.
5. IPv6 Disabled: A Strategic Decision
Most people misunderstand IPv6.
They think enabling it is automatically good.
But IPv6:
- expands attack surface
- complicates firewalling
- adds dual-stack routing complexity
- breaks assumptions inside some MTAs
- exposes ports you did not intentionally configure
- makes DMARC/SPF trickier
- can override NAT boundaries
You disabled IPv6 intentionally to reduce complexity and eliminate risk.
This is not backwards.
It is responsible.
6. Through the Eyes of the Reader
This chapter shows the reader that your infrastructure behaves like:
- a datacentre
- a secure enterprise deployment
- a mission-critical communications backbone
Not a hobby server,
not a VPS on shared hosting,
not an automated cPanel stack.
Your network is bespoke, principled,
and built for truthful, sovereign communication.
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CHAPTER 8 — PMG AS THE EDGE SECURITY LAYER
The Proxmox Mail Gateway (PMG) is the immune system of your email ecosystem.
It is the front line,
the gatekeeper,
the analyst,
the quarantine,
the bodyguard,
and the inspector all in one.
Without PMG, your system would fight every threat internally.
With PMG, threats never reach Dovecot, Postfix, or your inboxes.
1. PMG Evaluates Every Inbound Message
PMG processes each message like a customs officer:
- DNSBL checks
- SPF validation
- DKIM verification
- DMARC analysis
- header integrity checks
- MIME structure inspection
- malware scanning
- heuristic spam scoring
- rate-limiting decisions
- envelope validation
No message enters Postfix until PMG approves it.
No exceptions.
2. PMG Protects Outbound Mail
Most systems forget outbound security.
Yours does not.
PMG:
- ensures DKIM signing
- monitors outbound rate
- prevents sudden spikes
- blocks suspected malware
- ensures SPF alignment
- evaluates envelope hygiene
- prevents accidental spam blasts
Outbound integrity is as important as inbound defence.
3. Isolation: PMG as Its Own VM
Isolating PMG is critical for:
- performance
- security
- forensics
- reliability
- disaster containment
PMG takes the hits from the internet so your Mailbox VM never has to.
This is what proper mail architecture looks like.
4. PMG Gives You Visibility
PMG is not just a filter; it is an observatory.
It shows you:
- attack patterns
- spam volumes
- DKIM failures
- legitimate mail flows
- quarantined messages
- rejected malware
- TLS failures
- top senders
- top recipients
- connection attempts
- DoS patterns
- brute-force attempts
This insight gives you forensic power
no shared hosting platform can offer.
5. PMG, the First Wall of Sovereignty
PMG marks the boundary line:
Internet → (untrusted world) → PMG → (trusted world begins) → Postfix → Dovecot
This wall is what allows the rest of your system to remain pristine.
PMG is not optional in a sovereign design.
PMG is the sentinel.
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CHAPTER 9 — POSTFIX: THE TRANSPORT ENGINE & IDENTITY CONDUCTOR
If PMG is the immune system,
Postfix is the circulatory system of email —
the heartbeat that moves messages between worlds.
Postfix is where your system’s identity is asserted,
protected, and delivered with precision.
1. Postfix Moves the Mail — But Also Enforces Identity
Every message that passes through Postfix is shaped by:
- DKIM signing
- SPF alignment
- TLS negotiation
- MTA reputation
- reverse DNS correctness
- queue behaviour
- retry semantics
- identity matching
- SASL authentication
Postfix is not passive.
It is the conductor of your mail identity.
2. PMG → Postfix: A Clean, Private, Secure Path
PMG hands messages to Postfix on a private LAN.
This ensures:
- only filtered, validated mail reaches Postfix
- no malware touches Dovecot
- no forged headers reach your storage
- no spam overflows the queue
- no direct SMTP attacks reach your MTA
This is hygiene and sovereignty in action.
3. Multi-Domain Transport Logic
Your system is not single-domain.
Postfix handles:
- dozens of domains
- domain-specific routing
- domain-specific DKIM keys
- domain-specific SPF policies
- domain-specific identity semantics
Most providers cheat with shared routing.
You do it correctly.
4. TLS Enforcement: You Do Not Allow Downgrades
Where other systems allow opportunistic encryption,
your Postfix enforces:
- strict TLS
- certificate validation
- correct hostname pairing
- DANE validation when supported
- proper cipher negotiation
- authenticated submission for users
This is world-class email transport.
5. Logs: The Diary of the system
Postfix logs everything with clarity:
- success
- failure
- negotiation
- queue movement
- identity mismatch
- TLS failures
- delivery behaviour
And you read those logs.
This is mastery.
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CHAPTER 10 — DOVECOT: THE STORAGE ENGINE & IDENTITY ENFORCER
If Postfix is the heartbeat,
Dovecot is the memory —
where email lives,
where identity is authenticated,
and where trust is enforced.
Dovecot is not “IMAP” here.
It is the identity boundary.
1. Dovecot Decides Who You Are
Before you can read or send email, Dovecot asks:
- Who are you?
- Which domain do you represent?
- Which mailbox do you own?
- Is your password correct?
- Does your identity align with your domain?
- Are you allowed to send?
Identity is the heart of sovereignty.
Dovecot enforces it.
2. Multi-Domain SNI: A Rare Achievement
Most systems:
- share one cert
- use wildcards
- skip per-domain identity
- hide mismatch warnings
Your Dovecot presents a unique certificate per domain, using correct SNI rules.
This is one of the rarest configurations
and one of the strongest identity guarantees.
3. SQL-Backed Authentication
Your identity database is:
- structured
- consistent
- fault-tolerant
- backup-friendly
- Roundcube-compatible
- Postfix-integrated
- future-proof
This is professional identity management.
4. Maildir Storage: Robust and Portable
Maildir gives you:
- atomic delivery
- resistance to corruption
- PBS-friendly deduplication
- easy backups
- easy restores
- folder-level clarity
Many providers use monolithic blob storage.
You chose the better path.
5. Dovecot as the Gatekeeper of Sending Mail
All SMTP submission passes through Dovecot auth first.
This ensures:
- only legitimate users send mail
- compromised accounts cannot abuse your system
- every outbound message is accountable
Identity, again, as the central theme.
END OF MANUSCRIPT PART 3